Another International Adoptee, This Time From Iran, Faces Deportation

An adoptee brought to the U.S. decades ago by a U.S. military officer and his wife now faces deportation.

According to the Adoptee Rights Campaign (ARC; their press release is included below), she has no criminal history, and has spent almost her entire life in the U.S. My guess is that she entered the U.S. as an adoptee with a visa that perhaps was not approved for citizenship. Fewer than 200 children have ever been adopted from Iran to the U.S. I don’t think there ever was a formal program. I’d guess that many adoptions were of relatives, and then perhaps also situations like this, adoptions by U.S. military personnel. The U.S. cut ties with Iran almost 50 years ago, and adoptions likely ended then too. I have no special knowledge or insights about this adoptee’s situation. I do know she cannot prove U.S. citizenship, though I would bet that she has made every effort.

The adoptee has no connections with Iran, a country listed as Level 4 by the U.S. State Department: “Do Not Travel advisory, indicating the highest risk due to crime, terrorism, civil unrest, kidnapping, or armed conflict. Citizens are urged to avoid these areas, and in some, the U.S. government has extremely limited ability to provide assistance.”

Yet this is where the U.S. government is considering sending an adoptee, who is without citizenship through no fault of hers.

As an adoptive parent, I am heartbroken that this could happen. We know that adoptees who are deported receive no support once they are out of the U.S. They are dumped off, and left to fend for themselves, often not knowing the language, not having any work possibilities, not having family or friends. We know at least one has died through homicide; at least one has died by suicide. Most deported adoptees are struggling and lonely. Like many of us, they do not understand why the United States deports international adoptees.

Indeed, the United States is the global leader in deporting (and threatening to deport) international adoptees.

While all international adoptees to the United States deserve citizenship, they didn’t get “automatic” citizenship until the Child Citizenship Act of 2000, and that was only for adoptees 18 and younger. Many international adoptees from many different countries are without citizenship–folks in their 30’s on through their 80’s and beyond, Some know they don’t have citizenship, and they are worried. Some assume they are citizens.

Here is important information from the Adoptee Rights Campaign:

***MEDIA ADVISORY & PUBLIC NOTICE***

Contact: Info@adopteerightscampaign.org

Los Angeles, CALIFORNIA— Daughter of U.S. Military Hero Faces Deportation to Iran, Advocates Call for Urgent Legislative Action

Legal advocates, faith-based leaders, and community members are urging protections for a California resident who was brought to the United States by her American parents after her birth in Iran.

Despite being raised by U.S. citizen parents and having no memories of her country of birth, the woman is currently in active immigration removal proceedings that threaten to deport her to Iran, where the U.S. has lacked diplomatic ties since 1979. Her father, a decorated WWII U.S. Air Force veteran, survived a German POW camp and death march before bringing her home to the U.S.

For the past 30 years, the woman, a California resident, has been an integral part of her local community. She graduated from a California university, built a career in the health industry, and is a tax-paying professional. She has no criminal history.

“I have no home other than this country,” she says. “I was raised by my American parents and with American values. To be told that I am suddenly a stranger here, and to be threatened with lifetime exile to a country I know little of, is terrifying.”

Iran is reportedly facing the worst human-rights crisis in years, with security forces violently cracking down on nationwide protests through lethal force, mass killings, arbitrary arrests, and an unprecedented surge in executions.

Legal advocates are asking federal officials to exercise prosecutorial discretion and correct her records, given her extraordinary circumstances, lifelong U.S. residency, and American family history.

The Human Cost of Legal Gaps

Legal experts say that her case highlights a devastating “gap” in protections for children who were brought to the U.S. before modern adoption reforms were enacted. “This is a heartbreaking, obscene failure of a broken system,” says Emily Howe, lead counsel. “Sending a woman who is culturally and socially American, a daughter of a U.S. military hero, to Iran—a nation hostile toward those with Western ties—is a fundamental injustice. We seek compassion and basic correction to protect these American families in the 21st century.”

🚨 CALL TO ACTION: PROTECT AMERICAN FAMILIES

​The long-term solution lies in federal law. The Protect Adoptees and American Families Act (PAAF Act), introduced in 2025 as H.R. 5492 and S. 2923, aims to close the loopholes that allow American-raised children to face deportation. However, the pending bill does not include children who were brought into the country by their American parents on certain visas decades ago.

We are calling on all concerned citizens to take immediate action to ensure no more daughters or sons of American families are cast out!!!

​1. Contact Your Members of Congress: Call or email your U.S. Representative and Senators.

2. ​Message: Urge them to co-sponsor and pass the Protect Adoptees and American Families Act (H.R. 5492 / S. 2923).

3. Demand Inclusion: Ask that the legislation be strengthened to include protections for those who entered the U.S. on visas decades ago and have been raised as Americans.

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Here’s a resource from The Ties Program that may be of interest to adoptees and adoptive parents: Intercountry Adoptee Rights and Safety Guide: What to Know in 2026.

Temporary Protected Status Reinstated for Haitians: Implications for Adoptees?

The United States has ended or is considering ending Temporary Protective Status (TPS) for people from many countries that our State Department says “have life-threatening risks,” countries to which the State Department advises U.S. citizens should not travel.

We are okay, though, with sending folks back to those countries, even as there are horrific conditions.

That changed today for Haiti. According to Reuters, “A federal judge on Monday blocked the Trump administration from revoking legal protections for more than 350,000 Haitians in the U.S., preventing their potential deportation to a country that has been ravaged by gang violence.”

What is Temporary Protected Status?

Currently, there are 15 countries, including Haiti, whose citizens have been granted Temporary Protected Status (TPS), a U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services program: “TPS provides a temporary immigration status to eligible nationals of certain designated foreign states (or persons without nationality who last habitually resided in the designated foreign state) who are physically present in the United States.”

It is considered a humanitarian status, according to USCIS: “protection to individuals unable to reside in their home countries; to individuals who must enter the U.S. under urgent circumstances; and to victims of certain crimes, including but not limited to human trafficking, domestic violence, abandonment, neglect, or abuse.”

Why Would TPS End?

TPS is by definition temporary. “After reviewing country conditions and consulting with the appropriate U.S. government agencies, Secretary of Homeland Security Kristi Noem” can decide to end TPS. She has set deadlines to do so for countries such as El Salvador, Lebanon, Somalia, Sudan, Ukraine, Yemen, Burma, Ethiopia, Haiti, Honduras, Nepal, Nicaragua, South Sudan, and Syria. (The last eight are under active legal challenge for the termination of TPS.)

Of these countries, all except El Salvador (designated Level 1) are Level 4 countries according to U.S. State Department Travel Advisories.

Level 4 is “Do not travel. This is the highest advisory level due to life-threatening risks. Specific risks are described in the Travel Advisory. The U.S. government may have very limited or no ability to help, including during an emergency. We advise that U.S. citizens do not travel to the country, or to leave as soon as it is safe to do so.”

Of the eight TPS countries currently under active legal challenge, four are designated at Level 4: Burma, South Sudan, Syria, and Haiti.

The other four are designated at Level 3: “Reconsider your travel to the destination due to serious risks to safety and security. Specific risks are described in the Travel Advisory.” They include Ethiopia, Honduras, Nepal, and Nicaragua.

So the United States, having granted legal protective status to immigrants, is now sending or attempting to send them back to countries that are unsafe for U.S. citizens, due to gang violence, crime, terrorism, hostage-taking, kidnapping, lack of medical care, natural disasters, or other terrible situations.

Haitians under TPS in the U.S. have been temporarily allowed to retain their status. More litigation is likely, of course, as our U.S. government moves to decrease or eliminate TPS.

How does all this affect adoptees?

In terms of legal status, minimally if at all, TPS generally does not cover adoptees, who enter the U.S. on a visa, as opposed to a TPS designation. (Reminder: I am not a lawyer; always consult an attorney.)

That said, some in the adoption community from countries like Ukraine, Ethiopia, and Haiti–countries which have placed children for adoption in the U.S. in relatively significant numbers (a total of 37,000 from those 3 countries since 1999)–worry that they will get caught up in sweeps if their country no longer has TPS. I hope that their fears are not warranted.

Even adoptees with full proof of citizenship have had concerns, whether they are from countries with TPS or not. This may be especially true in Minnesota right now: “Minnesota has one of the highest concentrations of Korean adoptees in the United States. Here’s how they’re protecting each other during ICE raids.”

I would imagine also that some adoptees worry about their country, and about their family members and friends here in the U.S. and in-country. And perhaps others wonder how welcome they truly are in the U.S.

Some Resources:

Korean adoptee Kelsey Arnston writes on Facebook “Mostly, I’m heartbroken that this is the reality for myself and so many others right now, even as a legal US citizen. Please don’t tell us, “you’ll be fine, you’re a citizen” or “turn off your phone and stop watching the news.” This feels incredibly dismissive and invalidating. Even with all the right papers, identification, trackers, plans and all…we need to be ready for the “just in case.” There may be people you know that are struggling with these fears in silence. I’m fortunate to have a strong support system. However, many do not, and I worry about them falling through the cracks of our justice system.”

From Rewriting Adoption: Dealing With Immigration Policies Through the Lens of Many Adopted People.

Chinese Adoptee Alliance is holding a workshop tomorrow February 3: Immigration and ICE–You Have Your Documents. Now What?

Adoptees United: We Need to Talk, a monthly chat for adoptees about citizenship and other issues of concern

Adoptees for Justice: Advocating for citizenship for all international adoptees

Good News, Bad News: Adoption-Immigration Updates

Your response to this news depends on your perspective about adoption. Do you support adoption through the lifetime of adoptees, or only when the babies and children arrive?

Per my post How Does the Recent U.S. Freeze on Visas from 75 Countries Affect International Adoptees?, the Trump Administration recently announced that immigrant visas from 75 countries are being frozen.

The freeze thus affected international adoptees in the process of being adopted: they are considered immigrants seeking permanent U.S. citizenship.

While international adoption numbers have dropped significantly in recent years, some countries–such as Colombia, Brazil, Ghana, Jamaica, Nigeria, Thailand, Cameroon, Haiti, and others–still send children to the U.S. for adoption. That was paused when the immigrant visa freeze was put into effect.

The State Department yesterday announced an adoption exception to the visa freeze:

“Effective January 21, 2026, the Department of State paused visa issuances to immigrant visa applicants who are nationals of 75 countries.

President Trump and his Administration support families and intercountry adoption.

In countries where the issuance of immigrant visas is currently limited or paused, children being adopted by Americans can qualify for an exception under the National Interest Exception. (Emphasis mine.)

These American families should continue the normal adoption process.  They should submit visa applications and attend consular interviews.  They do not need to take other additional steps to be considered for a case-by-case exception under the National Interest Exception.

For additional details, visit travel.state.gov here.”

Why is this good news/bad news?

It’s good news to the families whose adoptions were in process. I hope it’s good news for the children being adopted. I hope their adoptions have no fraud or coercion connected to them. I hope the children are well cared for here.

It’s good news for the National Council for Adoption, which lobbied for this exception, and for the adoption agencies who did so as well. It’s bad news for all the other potential immigrants from those 75 countries.

It’s a carve out, an exception, an opening of a door. I’ve no doubt there is an emotional factor here, especially for folks who see adoption as only wonderful.

I get why folks don’t want to acknowledge the struggles that adoption causes for some adoptees, or the role that fraud, money, and corruption have played in international adoption.

Those images of sweet babies being adopted into American homes are powerful.

Those sweet babies grow up. Even in the most loving of adoptive homes, adoptees may feel like outsiders. They may yearn to reconnect with their original family and heritage. They may deal with a lack of medical history that shows mental illness or other conditions. They may deal with ambiguous or other forms of grief. And, I know, they may roll through life just fine.

Some international adoptees, whether from loving or abusive adoptive homes, will be deported. Some have been, some have died, some will be deported in the days to come.

That State Department press release says “President Trump and his Administration support families and intercountry adoption.”

A sleeping infant in a pink onesie and hat secured in a car seat, with a soft focus on the baby's face and hands.

I’d guess most members of the U.S. Congress also support families and intercountry adoption.

Yet the Congress has not, for over 15 years, passed legislation to grant citizenship to all international adoptees.

Could a “National Interest Exception” for little child adoption visas extend possibly to adult adoptee citizenship?

Will the National Council for Adoption and adoption agencies mount a significant advocacy campaign for citizenship for all international adoptees, as they did for the little children to arrive here with their “forever families”? Will more adoptive parents, including those whose children are U.S. citizens, speak out and use their power to insist on citizenship for all international adoptees?

Will the Congress pass and the President sign the “Protect Adoptees and American Families” act? Please urge your members of Congress to sign on to the bill, especially Republicans,

Or will the news continue only to be bad for adult adoptees, now in their 40’s, 50’s and older, who did not acquire citizenship through no fault of theirs?

Mike is not the only adoptee who’s been deported, and I urge you to support the work of Adoptees for Justice to help all international adoptees obtain citizenship. Adoptees should have the same rights and privileges as other family members.

In the almost 4 years since we’ve been running this campaign, folks have donated over $5000, for which we are very grateful. Mike has used the funds for legal and medical expenses, as well as occasionally for living expenses, to survive alone at 63 years old of age. Please donate, as we are beginning to run low on funds. Even a small amount is deeply appreciated, and will be used responsibly. Many thanks.

Portrait of a middle-aged man with a serious expression, wearing a light-colored polo shirt, set against a plain background.

Info About Proving Citizenship for Adoptees and Adoptive Parents: Be Informed, Be in Community

Many of us here in the US are worried about adoptees these days, those whom we love and those who are in the adoption community. The ICE raids, the sweeps at schools and courthouses, the characterization of Somali immigrants as “garbage,” the end of Temporary Protected Status for Ethiopians and others, the banning of travelers from 39 countries (most from Africa): it’s a lot to take in. Add to that the tragic death of Renee Good, the divisive rhetoric in our country, and the suspicion with which immigrants are treated, and you can understand why anxiety and fear are in the air.

International adoptees are immigrants, and many are concerned, as are their adoptive parents.

I heard today about an adoptive parent whose young adult child was held by ICE for about 45 minutes, The adoptee, fortunately, had a Certificate of Citizenship, and that ended the time with ICE. Even so, I’d bet it was a scary time for that young international adoptee. I know of a mom who worries about her daughter waiting at a bus stop. I know adopted adults who say they are looking over their shoulder on a regular basis. Those in Minnesota are particularly, understandably, anxious. I heard from an adoptive parent that she didn’t realize that the Enhanced Driver’s License (available in 5 states) provides both identity and proof of citizenship.

Most adoptees have citizenship, but not all, especially those who were over 18 when the Child Citizenship Act was passed, providing automatic citizenship to international adoptees. I highly recommend all international adoptees get their Certificate of Citizenship (CoC), the gold standard to prove they are U.S. citizens.

Even with the CoC, many adoptees and adoptive parents want to be sure they are doing all they can in the event they get in trouble with the law, or they are caught up in a sweep, or are otherwise challenged to prove their citizenship. Maybe they will not have any issues or challenges–that would be wonderful. And there’s nothing wrong with being prepared.

American flag

I’ve put together some info about government documents that prove citizenship and identity, about Temporary Protective Status which ends February 13 for Ethiopians, and about ideas for phone security and for carrying around government-issued documents. I hope folks will find it helpful. It has a disclaimer, as I am not an expert nor an attorney. I’ve had a lawyer look at it; any errors are mine. Let me know if it needs corrections–thank you.

We need information, and we need community. We need folks to know that they are not alone, and that includes deported international adoptees. I hope all international adoptees have accurate information, and are safe. I hope all adoptive parents will stay informed and supportive of their children, whether the children are in elementary school or are working, married, homeowners, adventurers, whatever the case may be. As an adoptive parent and as a grandmother, I know there is so much we don’t have control over once our children leave the house, whether to live across the country or to ride the bus to school.

Take good care, all.

Wishing Mike Davis a Very Happy Birthday–And Hoping for Good News

Happy 63rd Birthday, Mike!

Today must be bittersweet at best.

Mike is an Ethiopian adoptee, raise by his U.S. Army adoptive dad on military bases. Mike settled in Georgia. He got married, had children, and ran various businesses.

Over 30 years ago, he got into trouble with the law. He served his time, and has had no trouble with the law since then.

As is true for too many adoptees today, Mike was unable to prove his citizenship, despite his dad’s efforts: documents had been lost, government agencies failed to respond, and his lawyers were unreliable and uniformed about adoption and immigration laws. Mike was deported back to Ethiopia in 2005, and been separated from his friends and family since then. He has yet to meet his grandchildren in person.

We started a GoFund Me for Mike in June 2023. Mike is deeply grateful to all who have donated.

Mike Davis is an older man, smiling, wearing a red tee shirt and black jacket.
Mike in Addis in 2023

A total of $5250 has been raised over the last two and half years. Mike has used about $5000 of it, so roughly $2500 each year, to cover rent, food, access to water, legal fees, and medical care. His other sources of income are minimal at this point.

While that $210 a month goes fairly far in Ethiopia, it’s not much. He lives a hard life. His efforts to attain citizenship have involved document fees, lawyer fees, and more, at U.S. prices. It’s been an uphill climb in many ways.

Many folks in the adoption community want to let Mike know he has not been forgotten. Mike has had a rough time in Ethiopia, though he does not complain. He had no friends, no money, and no work when he arrived 20 years ago. He’s done his best to survive alone. Safe housing, food, and medical care haven’t always been easy to find. He’s dealing with health issues now in his early 60’s.

Please help. Donations have slowed significantly, and inflation/expenses are rising these days in Ethiopia.

Please join me in wishing Mike a Happy Birthday, and donate to our GoFund Me. Please share the GoFundMe with others.

So many people support international adoption. Please support international adoptees as well, in this case a now-63 year old man who made a mistake over 30 years ago, and who believed (as many adoptees do) that he had citizenship (he paid taxes, he paid into Social Security). His wife, his sons, and his grandkids would love to have him back.

Mike is a good person. Adoptive families and adoptees have met up with him in Addis, which has brought him great joy.

As a community, I invite everyone to wish Mike a good birthday, and to send your prayers, blessings, and hopes that he might return to the U.S., which was supposed to be his forever home.

Many thanks. Amasegenallo (thank you in Amharic).

Please also support the valuable work of Adoptees for Justice, who have helped Mike and many other adoptees in positive, productive ways. They are a hard-working, amazing organization.

New Legislation Introduced for Adoptee Citizenship

Legislation has been introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate to grant citizenship to all international adoptees.

Please contact your Congressional representatives and ask them to co-sponsor the “Protect Adoptees and American Families Act,” PAAF.

Proponents of the bill have for years focused on a bipartisan effort.

The bill introduced in the House by Rep. Adam Smith (D-WA) and Rep. Don Bacon (R-NE) is H.R. 5492.

In the Senate, the co-sponsors of S. 2923 are Sen. Maizie Hirono (D-HI) and Sen. Susan Collins (R-ME)

Here is a statement by Sen. Hirono:

Adoptees United has solid information here about PAAF.

Next steps could be hearings in the Judiciary Committees of both chambers, then passage in both the House and Senate, and then signature into law by the president.

That’s certainly my hope. Thousands of international adoptees, brought to this country to join new families, did not automatically receive citizenship because their parents failed to get it or because of bureaucratic errors. This reality has been an untenable, unfair reality that the Congress has taken far too long to rectify. This legislation has been previously introduced over the last 10 years, though it has not passed. It would provide a long overdue correction, one wanted by the sending countries, by the adoption community, and by adoptees.

It seems amazing that, for decades, international adoptees were not granted automatic citizenship when they were adopted by U.S. citizens and arrived in the U.S. You can learn more here.

IMG_1734

Some folks might forget that international adoptees are immigrants, with all the complexity that immigration involves. I urge all adoptees and their families to make sure they have a Certificate of Citizenship. A passport is a limited means of proving citizenship, can expire, and is issued by the U.S. State Department, The Certificate of Citizenship is issued by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, and does not expire. State and Homeland Security use separate databases, and so having a passport may not be adequate proof of citizenship for some purposes.

And the current cost of the Certificate for adoptees is 0, which is wonderful and could change. More info on the fee schedule for the N-600 is here.

You may never need the CoC. I get that. But the parents of deported adoptees (those convicted of a felony and without citizenship) probably never envisioned their children subject to deportation either. Nor, of course, did the adoptees themselves, including those who have been deported to Germany, Korea, Brazil, and elsewhere, who are sitting in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention centers, or who are unable to vote or get financial aid because they have no proof of citizenship. Why risk it?

And please support the passage of the Protect Adoptees and American Families Act. It is long overdue, and it is the right thing to do. Thank you.

Adoptive Parents Must Step Up in the Time of ICE and Deportation Fear

It would be great if none of us had to worry about deportation or ICE roundups, and about what to do if we get caught up in a raid. We parents who adopted internationally may feel everything is fine because our children–whether they are 4 years old or 39–have their Certificate of Citizenship or a valid passport. The Social Security Administration recognizes their US citizenship. That’s great.

And yet it may not be enough to prevent a sense of anxiety and even fear, especially for Brown and Black transracial adoptees from countries that are being targeted, Additionally, many international adoptees may not be US citizens. Some know this, and some are unaware, assuming that they are citizens. Adoptees without citizenship have been and continue to be deported.

What can and should adoptive parents do to help, given that we committed ourselves to international adoption?

  • Learn about the issue.
  • Be open and curious abut how adoptees are feeling.
  • Use our position as adoptive parents to help advance legislation to provide citizenship to all international adoptees and to prevent deportation.
  • Support and donate to adoptee-led organizations who are helping international adoptees with citizenship issues.

One concrete and important step is here: Dear Parents of Intercountry Adoptees: Do These Two Things Today. Consider this valuable and free advice from a lawyer who is also an adoptee.

Then move on to these items:

Learn

A brief overview:

International adoptees enter the United States as immigrants.

Adoptive parents have the responsibility to get citizenship for their children who are minors when they arrive here. Citizenship became automatic for international adoptees under 18 years old (though there is still paperwork involved) as a result of the Child Citizenship Act of 2000.

From the Adoptee Rights Law Center: “…despite the adoption, thousands of intercountry adoptees continue to have significant issues with US citizenship today. Those issues include:

  1. Securing U.S. Citizenship. Tens of thousands of intercountry adoptees today do not have US citizenship, despite being adopted as children by US citizen parents.
  2. Proving U.S. Citizenship. Even if intercountry adoptees acquired U.S. citizenship under the Child Citizenship Act of 2000, many may not have proof of that citizenship, either through a US passport or a Certificate of Citizenship.

Both issues are fraught with difficulty and may come with life-altering repercussions. Making it worse, U.S. law currently excludes older intercountry adoptees—those born prior to March 1983—from acquiring citizenship through adoption. Instead, they must often go through a long and expensive immigration process to naturalize as U.S. citizens. As adults today, they are considered immigrants, and are subject to deportation if they commit a crime or are not found to be in the country properly. This is fundamentally wrong.”

Adoption immigration law can be complicated, depending on when a child was adopted, what visa they entered with, and whether they commit a crime. Because of this, many international adoptees–even those with citizenship–feel concerned, perhaps about themselves, and perhaps about their fellow adoptees,

Be open and curious about how adoptees are feeling.

We adoptive parents who were born here in the US have rarely had to worry about proving citizenship, or even thinking about it.

Our adopted children look at the world through a different lens: as immigrants, perhaps as people of color. Their country of origin may also affect the way they see the world and the world sees them. Haiti, Nicaragua, Russia, Ukraine, Guatemala, and Mexico come to mind. Even if your child is not from one of those countries, or has no concerns about citizenship, as adoptive parents we can and should show empathy and concern for other adoptees.

Here are some adoptee perspectives:

Citizenship and Immigration Issues for Intercountry Adopted People: FAQ. Prepared by the Adoptee Rights Law Center, this list illustrates the concerns and quandaries of international adoptees in terms of documents and other resources.

Adoption, Belonging, and the Question of Citizenship: A U.S. adoptee reflects on the implications of birthright citizenship, closed records, possible inaccuracies or fraud, and how both domestic and international adoptees can be affected.

A Reddit conversation posted by an adoptee from China: Is anyone else paranoid about getting deported?

Thousands of Children Adopted by Americans Are Without Citizenship. Congress is Unwilling to Act. An AP article featuring adoptees from Iran, South Korea, Ethiopia, and elsewhere.

Use our position as adoptive parents to help advance legislation to provide citizenship to all international adoptees and to prevent deportation.

Legislation that would provide citizenship to all international adoptees has stalled in Congress for about 10 years. One challenge is that any immigrant without citizenship who commits a crime can be subject to deportation. Adoptees are included in this, regardless of the fact that they were brought here legally by US parents and with the oversight and permission of the sending country. (Some adoptive parents brought children to the US illegally, for medical or other reasons. They have a particular responsibility to acquire citizenship for their children, and it may not be easy.)

Aside from that, international adoptees without citizenship (for whatever reason) are technically here in the US illegally, and could be swept up in ICE raids. This possibility has fueled a great deal of fear among adoptees.

Adoptees for Justice has been actively working on this issue for years. Read more about their efforts on the Adoptee Citizenship Act (ACA) here. Donate to Adoptees for Justice if you can; share their information and ask your federal representatives to support citizenship for all adoptees.

If the ACA were passed, international adoptees who have been deported could return home. Adoptees have been deported to many countries: Germany, Ethiopia, Morocco, Mexico, Canada, India, Brazil, and more. There is a Wikipedia page about Korean adoptees who were deported back to South Korea.

From NPR: “NPR previously reported of an adoptee and father of five who was convicted of marijuana possession in Texas. Because his adoption was filed improperly, he was sent to his birth country of Mexico after having served a few years in prison.”

Support adoptees; Donate to adoptee-led organizations who are helping international adoptees with citizenship issues.

Here are resources to support, and to share with international adoptees and others in the adoption community.

I’ve previously mentioned and urge your support of Adoptees for Justice and the Adoptee Rights Law Center.

The Adoptee Rights Law Center offers free and low cost clinics for international adoptees who have questions about citizenship.

Adoption Mosaic is hosting an Adoptee Wellness Chat on July 16 This is an online, adoptee only event: “We will hold a virtual space to gather, reflect, and process together in light of recent political shifts. We intend to create a supportive environment where we can connect, recharge, and discuss how current policies affect us as individuals, as adoptees, and as a community.”

I understand that about 100 adoptees have registered so far, which gives a sense for what’s percolating among international adoptees right now.

Here’s a great list of Legal Resources for Intercountry Adoptees from Adoptees United. Adoptees United is related to the Adoptee Rights Law Center. Adoptees United is led by adoptees in the United States. “We are committed to a diverse board and organization that represents the interests of all adoptees, whether domestic, intercountry, transracial, or former foster youth.”

Support the work of the National Alliance for Adoptee Equality. Sign their petition for passage of the Adoptee Citizenship Act.


Hold space. Make space. Talk with whomever in your life might be at jeopardy, or might just be worried and stressed. Your adopted son or daughter might not want to talk about it. Keep learning nonetheless. Make sure you have all documents and copies (scroll down that page for the list of documents), all secured in a safe place.

Advocate for citizenship for all adoptees. Donate to help deported adoptees, like Mike Davis who was deported to Ethiopia decades ago and hopes to someday meet his grandchildren in person. Mike and other deported adoptees often struggle with life in deportation: they are isolated, often ostracized, don’t speak the language, and have difficulty securing work, housing, and medical care.

We adoptive parents have power to bring about change. Now is the time to be strong allies for international adoptees, to step up and do the work.

Dear U.S. Congress: Bring Our Deported International Adoptees Home

Many places around the globe are celebrating Christmas today. Many deported international adoptees are “celebrating” alone without family or friends, far from home and the life they were promised when they were brought “home” to the U.S.

International adoptees have been deported because their adoptive parents (or adoption agencies or U.S. government agencies) failed to get them citizenship when they were children.

Thousands of international adoptees are estimated to be without citizenship, and some don’t even know that they are not citizens. Some find out when they commit a crime (and it can relatively minor) and are deported. Some proudly vote in local and federal elections, not knowing they are committing a felony. Some work hard all their lives and then find out they don’t qualify for Social Security or Medicare.

I do not understand why our U.S. Congress has not yet granted citizenship to all international adoptees. It is the humane, responsible, ethically right action to take, especially by those who are proponents of adoption.

Information is available at Adoptees for Justice and Adoptee Rights Law Center. I’ve written about this issue often, including recently here.

Please take action if you can, asking your U.S. elected federal officials to open their hearts and grant citizenship to all adoptees. Please send hope and resilience to the many adoptees who have been deported. May their loneliness end; may they be welcomed back (well before next Christmas) with family and friends in the U.S., the place that was supposed to be their forever home.

Why Are Americans—and Especially Adoptive Parents—Not Outraged by the Deportation of International Adoptees?

“The U.S. is unique in this: No other nation that has taken in adopted children deprives them of citizenship.”

That’s a quote from an AP article, “Thousands of children adopted by Americans are without citizenship. Congress is unwilling to act.”

It’s plausible that adoptees without citizenship could be included in mass deportation actions.

Thousands of international adoptees, brought here to the U.S. for adoption from an assortment of countries,, do not have citizenship, through no fault of theirs. The children were not responsible to obtain citizenship. Adoption agencies, adoptive parents, and the U.S. government had and have responsibility–not the adoptees.

Citizenship is handled through federal legislation (not on a state level). Our federal government has not yet acted to help these children, who are now adults. Adults who often didn’t know they were not citizens. (If they vote, they are committing a felony.) Adults who now live in fear. Adults who worked all their lives and cannot access Medicare or Social Security. Adults who committed a crime, served their sentence, and then were deported. Adults who were brought here to live with “forever families” and were deported, now living in a place with no family, no friends, often no language. They are often severely limited in ways to support themselves. They are living in horrific poverty. loneliness, and isolation. Many were adopted by U.S. military officers, and now the U.S. denies the adoptees citizenship, through no fault of the adoptee.

Bureaucrats and virulent anti-immigration sentiments are destroying the lives of international adoptees. Some of those bureaucrats are ostensibly pro-adoption, pro-life. The hypocrisy is devastating, and thousands of adopted people are at risk.

Please read the AP article. Please share it with others.

Mike Davis, pictured above, has been separated from his family since his deportation to Ethiopia in 2005. His wife and sons are waiting to welcome him home. He has five grandchildren he’s never met. He has significant health problems. As an international adoptee, whose adoptive dad was a U.S. Army officer, how much does he have to be punished?

Adoptive parents, and anyone else, please take action.

Contact your federal Senators and Representatives and ask them to sign on to the Adoptee Citizenship Act. In the U.S. Senate, the bill is S. 4448.

Right now the Senate bill has a total of 7 co-sponsors. That’s right: only 7 U.S. Senators (out of 100) are willing to work for citizenship for all international adoptees. That’s just over 5% of our Senators.

In the U,S, House of Representatives (435 Members), the bill is H.R. 8617. So far, the bill has 23 co-sponsors, or also just about 5% of the House.

You can find your U.S. representative in the House here., and your U.S. Senators here. You can send a brief email saying you are their constituent and you want them to co-sponsor the Adoptee Citizenship Act. It’ll take just a few minutes, and it could make an enormous difference. Thank you.

Other actions are to support the work of organizations such as Adoptees For Justice, Alliance for Adoptee Citizenship, Adoptees United, the Southern Baptists’ Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission, and any others working to provide this basic right. Stay informed, and share the information with others.

Contribute to the Mutual Aid Fund of Adoptees For Justice to provide funds for deported adoptees, who are often struggling mightily.

If you have any connection to adoption, if you believe in adoption, if you care about adoptees, please take action.

Deported Ethiopian Adoptee and the Need for Congressional Action: WABE

An important new story from WABE, an Atlants-based NPR/PBS station: Georgia Adoptee deported due to legal loophole that Congress is now trying to fix.”

The story focuses on Mike Davis, born in 1962 and adopted from Ethiopia by a U.S. Army sergeant in 1972. Mike spent his life in America believing he was a U.S. citizen. In 1993, he was committed a crime, went to a boot camp, and was on probation for three years. Then the United States in 2005 deported him to a country he no longer knew at all, leaving his wife, his children, his home, his businesses, and now his grandchildren behind.

As WABE notes, “Davis is one of tens of thousands of adults in the U.S. who did not receive automatic citizenship with adoption….Congress is now trying to address this loophole in federal law that has left many adoptees in limbo.”

Congress has had many opportunities in the past to close this inequitable, unethical loophole. I am among so many folks who hope that our Congress will recognize that all children brought here for purposes of international adoption, with the legal oversight of both the U.S. and the child’s country of origin, should have automatic citizenship.

Per WABE: “Nick Greene is a California-based adoptee who advocates for citizenship for all adoptees. He said sometimes, people find out they aren’t citizens only when they try to apply for Social Security or Medicare. Under the Child Citizenship Act, adoptees born before Feb. 27, 1983, are not able to obtain citizenship through their citizen parents.

“So that’s going to be like 40, 50, 60-somethings,” he said. “You grew up as an American. You lived as an American for 60-plus years. For some of them it’s been a decade they’ve been just doing this battle.”

Congress is considering two pieces of legislation that would retroactively grant citizenship to adoptees who did not automatically get it when they came to the U.S. The legislation also allows for people who were deported, like Mike Davis, to repatriate to the U.S. where he would be reunited with his family.”

Adoption legislation affects adoptees, who had no agency over the decisions made for them when they were minors. The legislation also affects the children and grandchildren of adoptees, and adoptees themselves when they are deep into adulthood, including at retirement age.

You can help by learning more, via Adoptees for Justice, Asian Americans Advancing Justice-Atlanta, and Adoptees United.

You can also help by donating and spreading the word about this GoFundMe for Mike, which is helping with his legal and medical costs. Many thanks.

Mike Davis is among the writers of “Lions Roaring Far From Home: An Anthology by Ethiopian Adoptees.”